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This is an introductory course of the languages of Buddhism. It is composed of three parts: 1. Transition of Buddhist languages in India and Middle Asia (the Western Region), which includes Sanskrit, Prakrits (e.g. Gandhari ), Kothan, Tocharian , and Bactrian etc. 2. Translation of Buddhist languages into Chinese. After Buddhism was introduced into China in the Eastern Han, the translators from the Western Region started to translate the Buddhist scriptures into Chinese.And the translation activities lasted for 1,000 years, by translators from both China and abroad. We will find out how the translation team worked, e.g. what were the processes of translation, and how the translated texts were collected as a “Tripitaka” . 3. The influence of the translation of Buddhist scriptures. The translated Buddhist texts in Chinese are treated as the “holy texts” not ony in China, but also in other countries of East Asia. So the linguistic elements in it will influence the language that people use every day. In this part, we will discuss how the elements from the Buddhist texts have influenced the evolution of Chinese language. And what are the influences of Buddhism on Chinese literature and culture.