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This course aims to trace and discuss the cross-boundary construction of Chinese social science in global history. In doing so, we try to understand the present from the past.
This book is concerned with how to maximize the advantages and minimize the disadvantages of a political system that aims to select and promote political leaders of superior virtue and ability, particularly in the contemporary Chinese context. It discusses four key flaws of democracy understood in the minimal sense of free and fair elections for the country’s top rulers, and suggests which qualities matter most for political leaders in the context of modernizing meritocratic states. It also discusses three key problems associated with any attempt to implement political meritocracy, the pros and cons of different models of democratic meritocracy, as well as three basic planks of the China model.
This book offers an analysis of modern intellectual culture. Bourdieu examines the social background and practical activities of his fellow academics, including Foucault, Derrida, and Lacan. Bourdieu analyzes their social origins and current positions, how much they publish and where they publish it, their institutional connections, media appearances, political involvements and so on. This enables Bourdieu to construct a map of the intellectual field in France and to analyze the forms of capital and power, the lines of conflict and the patterns of change, which characterize the system of higher education in France today.
This book writes about history of knowledge. Chapter 1 explains what is distinctive about the history of knowledge and how it differs from the history of science, intellectual history, the sociology of knowledge or from cultural history. Chapter 2 discusses some of the main concepts such as order of knowledge, situated knowledge and knowledge society. Chapter 3 tells the story of the transformation of relatively raw information into knowledge via processes such as classification and verification, the dissemination of this knowledge and its employment for different purposes. Chapter 4 identifies central problems in the history of knowledge, from triumphalism to relativism, together with attempts to solve them.
This book maps the main types of knowledge that were in existence between the invention of printing with movable type in Germany to the publication of the Encyclopédie. Mostly, it is based on texts published between the 16th and 18th centuries, but it also takes account of oral knowledge, images (including maps) and material objects such as shells and coins collected for display. It explores the difference between the old sociology of knowledge and the new, as well as the changing composition of the European clerisy since the Middle Ages. It also deals with the geography, anthropology, politics and economics of knowledge, as well as the way readers appropriated knowledge.
This book offers a general view of changes in the world of learning from the Encyclopédie (1751-66) to Wikipedia (2001). Part 1 argues that activities which appear to be timeless- gathering knowledge, then analyzing, disseminating and employing it- are in fact time-bound and take different forms in different periods and places. Part 2 tries to counter the tendency to write a triumphalist history of the growth of knowledge by discussing losses of knowledge and the price of specialization. Part 3 offers geographical, sociological and chronological overviews, contrasting the experience of centers and peripheries and arguing that each of the main trends of the period coexisted and interacted with its opposite.
This book presents the origins, hopes and visions, and achievements of the social science movement in China during the first half of the twentieth century. Focusing in particular on the efforts of social scientists at three institutions- Yanjing Sociology Department, Nankai Institute of Economics, and Chen Hansheng’s Marxist agrarian research enterprise, this book relates their disciplines to the needs of Chinese Society. Because all three groups received funding from the Rockefeller Foundation, their stories constitute a unique window onto Sino-American interactions, revealing how the social sciences became a lingua franca of the cultural frontier as patron and clients negotiated through the medium of social science agendas and methodologies.
This book aims to suggest how rhetoric can be studied and understood in its relationship with power and knowledge. It begins at the level of things said and moves to illuminate the connections between knowledge, language, and action. Archeology is the term Foucault gives to his method, which seeks to describe discourses in the conditions of their emergence and transformation- Archeological analysis studies discourse only at its level of positive existence, and never takes discourse to be a trace or record of something outside of itself. It is the analytical method that Foucault used in his works including Madness and Civilization, The Birth of Clinic, and The Order of Things.
This book examines the interrelatedness and the interplay between different ideologies- those of radicalism, conservatism, liberalism and social democracy, which are central to the understanding of Chinese modernity. It observes the ideas of the Westernizers who stood opposed to the cultural conservatives; the pull of cultural conservatism; the culture-politics nexus by rethinking Benjamin Schwartz’s ideas about conservatism in China; Chinese liberal thought; the issues of state, government and rule of law from a liberal perspective; the rise of reformist socialist thought in the wake of World War I; and state socialism. In fact, Fung argues that Republican ideologies are best understood as a triad of liberal, radical and conservative thought.
Volume 7 of The Cambridge History of Science provides a history of the concepts, practices, institutions, and ideologies of the social sciences (including behavioral and economic sciences) since the eighteenth century. Part One focuses on the genres and traditions that formed social science, mostly concerned with Europe. Part Two focuses on the modern disciplines such as psychology, economics, sociology, anthropology, political science, geography, history, and statistics, biased toward the United States. Part Three discusses the internationalization of the social sciences, covering eastern Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Part Four is a collection of case studies illustrating the larger societal importance of social science, also biased toward the United States.
本书分为上下两卷。上卷考察欧洲知识系统结构变迁过程，横跨了从1450年古登堡发明活字版印刷术到1750年狄德罗陆续出版《百科全书》为止的三个世纪的历史，探讨了大学和学会、知识分布、知识分类、对知识施行控制的教会和国家、销售知识的市场与出版界以及知识的消费者等多重条件下的知识。下卷接续上卷的叙述，讲述了从1750年代法国《百科全书》出版到维基百科盛行之间的知识的社会史，涉及知识的时间性、专业化、世俗化、国有化、民主化等。
本书旨在研究晚清民国时期的学人与学术之历史。作者认为，此项研究应当在历史的语境下把握各类乃至各个特定人物的思维行为方式，并以历时演化的态度方式看待前人前事的位置及其相互关系。本书逐一梳理了近代中国的新史学及其流变、中国思想学术史上的道统与派分、近代中国史学研究方法的转变、20世纪前半期的中国史学会、 民国学界的老辈、章太炎的文化象征、胡适的学术地位、近代中国比较研究史、傅斯年“史学只是史料学”的分析等题目。
本书是王汎森的学术论述合集，探讨道光到20世纪30年代大约一百年间思想学术变化中的问题。第一编“旧典范的危机”从晚清内部思潮的变动开始，讨论了诸如方东树对汉学的攻击，邵懿辰的《礼经通论》如何成为近代疑古运动的一个根源，以及太谷学派的出现等。第二编“传统与现代的辩证”剖析了中国近代思想中的传统因素、近代中国私人领域的政治化等论题。第三编“新知识分子与学术社群的建立”则围绕傅斯年这一建立学术社会的灵魂人物展开。
本书包括两部分文章，一部分是从存在的境遇、心灵气质及心识感觉的层面入手来谈论“主义”问题，略有别于从政治角度去处理“主义”的问题；另一部分则是更为深入地从存在感受、生命气质、人生态度、人生观等方面探索五四之后的思想与生活。此处所谓的生活包括范围较广，包括社会生活、经济生活和政治生活。王汎森认为，“思想的生活性”与“生活的思想性”，两者往复交织，一方面“思想是生活的一种方式”，另一方面“生活是思想的一种方式”。
本书通过梳理中国传统知识体系与西方知识体系的形成，论述了中国当代知识体系建构存在的问题。作者指出，当今中国的知识分子中存在着盲目套用西方理论来解释中国现实的现象，这对中国当代知识体系的建构形成了很大的阻力。此外，当今时代，政治权力化和经济利益化对于中国当代知识体系的建构的负面影响也是巨大的。作者给出的建议包括，教育的专业化、政治和行政分开、重新设计基金分配制度、设计中国本身的评审制度，树立知识体系创造的意识等。
本书是一本围绕“学术与社会”的主题展开的论文集。收入本书的论文大致分为三个部分。第一编“传统的发明”，主要检讨传统文化在近代的遭遇，既试图对传统加以恰当的区分，也从不同侧面说明传统作为“记忆延续”的基本资源如何被“发明”。第二编“思想界的解析”，透过报刊与大学及读书人的互动，说明新的思想环境如何影响到对读书人的塑造。第三编“学术社会的建构”，表明读书人力图通过重建知识的庄严，重新确立读书人在现代社会的位置。
本書是彼得﹒柏克著作的中譯本，描繪了存在於德國的活字印刷起源以來直至百科全書的出版期間的知識的主要類型。本書的寫作主要基於16世紀到18世紀之間出版的文本，但也涵蓋了口述知識、圖像（包括地圖）以及如收集用於展覽的貝殼和硬幣等物件。本書探索了舊有與新興的知識社會學之間的差異，以及從中世紀以來的歐洲知識分子的變化的寫作。本書也涉及知識的地理學、人類學、政治學和經濟學，以及讀者獲取知識的方式。
This book collects 10 Pierre Bourdieu’s major essays on art, literature and culture, published between 1968 and 1987. Part One deals with the field of cultural production, the production of belief, and the market of symbolic goods. Part Two looks into the writings of Gustave Flaubert, especially Sentimental Education, to discuss topics such as structure of social self-analysis, field of power, etc. Part Three contains essays on sociology and art perception, on Manet’s aesthetic revolution and the institutionalization of anomie, and on the historical genesis of a pure aesthetics addressing the relationship between art and power.
本书书写20世纪社会人文论争，全书分作5卷，每卷约涵盖20年。收文范围以在中国大陆公开发表出版者为主。内容涵盖进化论、“东西文化”问题、民族主义思潮、民主与科学思想、文艺启蒙与文学革命、新史学、新教育思潮、女权觉醒、打倒孔子、社会改造思潮、马克思主义、“问题与主义”、无政府主义思潮、疑古思潮、中国社会性质问题、现代主义文学思潮、革命文学论争与左翼文学运动、科学与玄学、唯物辩证法、中国本位文化建设、拉丁化新文字运动等等。
本书以考古学的方法梳理人类知识的历史，去除掉非知识的东西，同时增加新的知识元素，使知识体系得到扩充和改变。考古学方法是指思想和知识的体系由超越语法和逻辑的规则控制，此规则在个人主体的意识之下运作并定义在一定领域和时段内决定思想边界的概念可行性的体系。本书基于福柯有关论述的观念——这一观念描述了语言学结构的一个对说话和写作的个人可获取的先于并决定客体、概念、方法论资源和理论阐释的范围的层级——系统论述了这一考古学方法。
