艺术无限·Art Infinity

东风盛行 The Rise of East Asian Art Style

宋元时期，船队南下，携东方珍品启航，穿越海洋，抵达即将迎来文艺复兴的西方。海上丝绸之路，瓷器珐琅等工艺品流传至西，激发艺术创新。洛可可风格、印象派皆受东方艺术影响。东西方文化在此交融，园林、浮世绘等元素入画。本部分展览精选十三幅西方艺术佳作，邀您共赏东方艺术对西方的魅力。

In the Song and Yuan eras, fleets laden with Eastern treasures sailed to the West on the cusp of the Renaissance. The Maritime Silk Road wasn't just a trade route but a catalyst for artistic innovation, influencing Rococo and Impressionism with the allure of the East. This exhibition highlights thirteen Western masterpieces that beautifully weave in Eastern elements like garden designs and Ukiyo-e, inviting you to explore the enchanting impact of Eastern art on Western creativity.

作者介绍 | Artist

古斯塔夫·克里姆特（1862—1918年）

Gustav Klimt

出身维也纳的象征主义画家，也是维也纳分离派运动最具代表性的成员之一。克里姆特以其绘画、壁画、素描和其他艺术品而闻名。在他的艺术生涯早期，他是一位成功的以传统方式进行建筑装饰的画家。随着他开始形成更加个人化的风格，他的作品成为争议的主题，当他在1900年左右为维也纳大学大会堂天花板完成的画作被批评为色情作品时，争议达到了高潮。随后，他不再接受公共委托，而是凭借他的“金相”画作取得了新的成功，其中许多画作包括金箔。克里姆特的作品对埃贡·席勒产生了重要影响。在众多维也纳分离派艺术家中，克里姆特受日本艺术及其技法影响最为深远。

Gustav Klimt was an Austrian symbolist painter and one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement. Klimt is noted for his paintings, murals, sketches, and other objets d'art. Klimt's primary subject was the female body, and his works are marked by a frank eroticism. Amongst his figurative works, which include allegories and portraits, he painted landscapes. Among the artists of the Vienna Secession, Klimt was the most influenced by Japanese art and its methods.

杨·凡·艾克（约1390—1441年）

Jan van Eyck

杨·凡·艾克是一位早期活跃于布吕赫的弗兰德画家和十五世纪名声显赫的北方文艺复兴的艺术家之一。他为早期尼德兰画派最伟大的画家之一，也是十五世纪北方后哥特式绘画的创始人。

Jan van Eyck was a Flemish painter active in Bruges who was one of the early innovators of what became known as Early Netherlandish painting, and one of the most significant representatives of Early Northern Renaissance art. According to Vasari and other art historians including Ernst Gombrich, he invented oil painting, though most now regard that claim as an oversimplification.

郎世宁（1688—1766年）

Giuseppe Castiglione

意大利人，天主教耶稣会修士及中国宫廷画家，写实画风纪录了清朝初期至中期的中国宫廷人物与景色。他不仅为后世留下大量珍贵的画作，而且对中西文化交流有一定程度的贡献。他的宫廷画作品融合中西绘画艺术，不但表现出西方绘画中的写实、立体、注重线条和结构等特点，也表现出中国传统绘画的传神与韵味，在数十年的探索中，致力于融合中西方绘画技法于一体，创作出独特的画风。

Giuseppe Castiglione was an Italian Jesuit brother and missionary in China, where he served as an artist at the imperial court of three Qing emperors – the Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong emperors. He painted in a style that is a fusion of European and Chinese traditions.

文森特·梵高（1853—1890年）

Vincent van Gogh

荷兰后印象派画家。他是表现主义的先驱，对二十世纪艺术特别是野兽派与德国表现主义产生了深刻的影响。虽然梵高的画家生涯直到27岁左右才开始，但到他离世的十年间，总共创作了约2100幅画作，其中包括约870幅油画。梵高早期只以灰暗色系进行创作，直到他在巴黎遇见了印象派与新印象派。梵高融入了他们的鲜艳色彩与画风，创造了他独特的个人画风。

Vincent Willem van Gogh was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter who is among the most famous and influential figures in the history of Western art. In just over a decade, he created approximately 2100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of them in the last two years of his life. His oeuvre includes landscapes, still lifes, portraits, and self-portraits, most of which are characterized by bold colors and dramatic brushwork that contributed to the rise of expressionism in modern art. Van Gogh's early works consist of mostly still lifes and depictions of peasant laborers. After moving to Arles in 1888, his art changed that his paintings grew brighter and he turned his attention to the natural world, depicting local olive groves, wheat fields and sunflowers.

克劳德·莫奈（1840—1926年）

Claude Monet

法国画家，印象派代表人物及创始人之一，“印象”一词即是源自其名作《印象·日出》，该画作于1874年在莫奈及其同事举办的第一次独立展览中展出。莫奈擅长光与影的实验与表现技法，最重要的风格是改变了阴影和轮廓线的画法，在其画作中没有非常明确的阴影，亦无突显或平涂式的轮廓线。此外，他对于色彩的运用相当细腻，曾长期探索实验色彩与光的完美表达，常在不同的时间和光线下，对同一对象作多幅描绘。莫奈记录法国乡村的野心使他采取了多次绘制同一场景的方法，以捕捉光线的变化和季节的流逝。从1883年起，莫奈居住在吉维尼，在那里他购买了房屋和地产，并开始了一个大型的美化项目，其中包括了之后成为他的作品的主题的百合池。 他从1899年开始画睡莲，首先是以日本桥为中心的垂直视图，后来又用20年的时间创作了一系列大型画作。

Oscar-Claude Monet was a French painter and founder of impressionist painting who is seen as a key precursor to modernism, especially in his attempts to paint nature as he perceived it. During his long career, he was the most consistent and prolific practitioner of impressionism's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions of nature, especially as applied to plein air (outdoor) landscape painting. The term "Impressionism" is derived from the title of his painting Impression, soleil levant, exhibited in 1874 (the "exhibition of rejects") initiated by Monet and his associates as an alternative to the Salon. Monet's ambition to document the French countryside led to a method of painting the same scene many times so as to capture the changing of light and the passing of the seasons. Among the best-known examples are his series of haystacks (1890–1891), paintings of Rouen Cathedral (1892–1894), and the paintings of water lilies in his garden in Giverny that occupied him continuously for the last 20 years of his life. Frequently exhibited and successful during his lifetime, Monet's fame and popularity soared in the second half of the 20th century when he became one of the world's most famous painters and a source of inspiration for a burgeoning group of artists.

埃德加·德加（1834-1917年）

Edgar Degas

一个以画芭蕾舞女而著称的画家，虽然是印象主义画派的代表画家之一，但他对印象主义画派采取了一种非常特殊的立场。德加的画风倾向于素描和古典艺术，作品有着素描的严谨和古典的艺术特色，表现手法也渐渐地让色彩占据了重要地位，主要调子是棕灰色、暗黄色、更多的强调光影效果。

Edgar Degas, distinguished for his masterful depictions of ballet dancers, was a seminal proponent of the Impressionist school, albeit with a distinctively idiosyncratic approach to the movement. His artistic predilection was towards draftsmanship and the classical canon, imbuing his body of work with the meticulousness of sketches and the traditional characteristics of fine art. In time, his technique evolved to grant color an instrumental role, with a palette favoring tones of brownish-grey and dusky yellow, intensifying the focus on the dramatic effects of luminosity and shade.

欧仁·德拉克罗瓦（1798—1863年）

Eugène Delacroix

法国著名浪漫主义画家。曾师从法国古典主义画派画家皮埃尔-纳西斯·介朗学习绘画，但却非常欣赏荷兰画家彼得·保罗·鲁本斯的强烈色彩的绘画，并受到同时代画家杰利柯的影响，热心发展色彩的作用，成为浪漫主义画派的典型代表。他的画作对后期崛起的印象派画家和梵高的画风有很大的影响。他1830年的著名画作《自由引导人民》影响了浪漫主义作家维克多·雨果，30年后写成著名的文学作品《悲惨世界》(1862)。该文学作品是对德拉克罗瓦画作的呼应。这幅画曾被印入法国政府发行的100法郎的钞票和1980年的邮票上。据说印象派画家从他的作品《十字军进入君士坦丁堡》前景的女人背部色彩运用上得益不少。他初期的作品《希阿岛的屠杀》曾被古典主义画家安托万-让·格罗惊呼为是：“艺术的屠杀！”他曾经为波兰音乐家萧邦画了著名的画像。他访问过阿尔及利亚和非洲，创作了大量异国风情的作品，甚至潜入伊斯兰教徒的后室画出《阿尔及利亚女人》。

Ferdinand Victor Eugène Delacroix was a French Romantic artist who was regarded as the leader of the French Romantic school. In contrast to the Neoclassical perfectionism of his chief rival Ingres, Delacroix took for his inspiration the art of Rubens and painters of the Venetian Renaissance, with an attendant emphasis on colour and movement rather than clarity of outline and carefully modelled form. Dramatic and romantic content characterized the central themes of his maturity, and led him not to the classical models of Greek and Roman art, but to travel in North Africa, in search of the exotic. Friend and spiritual heir to Théodore Géricault, Delacroix was also inspired by Lord Byron, with whom he shared a strong identification with the "forces of the sublime", of nature in often violent action. Together with Ingres, Delacroix is considered one of the last old Masters of painting and is one of the few who was ever photographed. As a painter and muralist, Delacroix's use of expressive brushstrokes and his study of the optical effects of colour profoundly shaped the work of the Impressionists, while his passion for the exotic inspired the artists of the Symbolist movement. A fine lithographer, Delacroix illustrated various works of William Shakespeare, the Scottish author Walter Scott, and the German author Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

保罗·塞尚（1839-1906年）

Paul Cézanne

后期印象主义画派的代表人，毕生追求画面表现形式，对运用色彩、造型都有新的创造，有“现代绘画之父”之称。塞尚出生于普罗旺斯的埃克斯，父亲是个银行家，从小受过人文科学教育，并在故乡埃克斯打下了学院画派绘画基础，之后又到巴黎深造，他在那里吸取了浪漫主义、现实主义以及当时刚刚兴起的印象主义的绘画成就。在塞尚的作品中，充分掌握了他所特有的那种立体的形以及这些形的透视安排。

Paul Cézanne stands as an emblematic figure of Post-Impressionism, a visionary who dedicated his life to mastering the formal presentation of his canvases. He pioneered innovative approaches to the manipulation of color and form, earning him the moniker "Father of Modern Painting." Born in Aix-en-Provence to a banker father, Cézanne was bequeathed an education in the humanities and cultivated his foundational skills in the Academic style of painting native to his hometown. Later, Cézanne proceeded to Paris to further his studies, where he assimilated the artistic achievements of Romanticism, Realism, and the nascent Impressionist movement. His oeuvre vividly captures his unique mastery over the solidity of forms and the perspectival arrangement of these forms.